---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Wed, 20 Jul 2005 06:37:40 -0700
From: World Wildlife Fund <ecomments@wwfus.org>
To: Alan Sondheim <sondheim@panix.com>
Subject: WWF July E-Newsletter: Help WWF Name a Borneo Pygmy Elephant!
________________________________________________________________
World Wildlife Fund
E-newsletter for a Living Planet
July 2005
________________________________________________________________
In this issue
*Protecting Borneo's Pint-sized Pachyderms
*New Fishing Hooks Save Sea Turtles
*Help Protect America's Roadless Areas
*Saving Big Cats with Just Pennies
________________________________________________________________
To see an HTML version of this email, please click here:
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/hostedemail/email.htm?h=df799efd470820bf3df8d4b9c29730ce&CID=156835396
********************************************************
* Hot Topics *
A Message from WWF's New President
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139792&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
World's Largest Freshwater Fish Caught
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139793&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
Wildfinder: Mapping the World's Species
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139794&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
New Guinea: The Largest Tropical Island
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139795&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
* Do You Know? *
What is the largest predator found in Madagascar?
a. Fossa
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139796&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
b. Ring-tailed lemur
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139797&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
c. Aye-aye
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139798&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
d. Leopard
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139799&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
Question submitted by:
Siddhant
Have a great animal question?
Email it to us! ecomments@wwfus.org
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
* Celebrity Species*
Protecting Borneo's Pint-sized Pachyderms
They're smaller, chubby, gentle-natured - and found nowhere else
on Earth. Pygmy elephants of Borneo are a major conservation
priority as there are probably fewer than 1,500 of them in the
wild. WWF and the Sabah (Malaysia) Wildlife Department are
protecting these pint-sized pachyderms by fitting six of them
with high-tech GPS collars this summer to track their movements
and learn more about where conservation efforts are most needed
to protect these small and gentle forest dwellers. View a
slideshow of the first-ever collaring of a pygmy elephant on the
WWF Web site.
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139800&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
Name that Elephant!
We need YOUR help to name one of the elephants we will be
collaring! Suggest a name for one of the female pygmy elephants,
and then vote for your favorite name from the finalists next
week.
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139801&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
Pygmy Elephant (Elephas maximus borneensis)
Habitat: Found only on the northeast tip of Malaysian Borneo
Diet: Leaves, trees, grasses and shrubs
Threats: Habitat loss and illegal poaching
Fun Fact: Pygmy elephants were long thought to be remnants of a
domesticated herd given to the Sultan of Sulu in the 17th
century and released in Sabah, but are now believed to be a
separate subspecies.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
* In the Field*
New Fishing Hooks Save Endangered Sea Turtles
Preliminary results from the first test of newly designed
fishing hooks - for which WWF provided financial and logistical
support - indicate that the number of endangered sea turtles
killed in long line fishing operations can be reduced by as much
as 90 percent. Additionally, these hooks have no adverse effects
on the target species that fishermen are after. This is a
win-win situation as endangered sea turtles are being protected
and fishermen are keeping their livelihoods. Learn more about
this amazing innovation that could help save sea turtles around
the world.
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139802&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*Get Involved*
Help Protect America's Roadless Areas
Despite overwhelming public support for the 2001 rule protecting
America's national forest roadless areas, the Bush administration
threw out this conservation strategy and substituted a plan that
requires governors to petition the federal government for
protection of roadless areas in their states. This new rule will
open millions of acres of forestland to energy development and
logging. Here's something positive you can do in response to the
administration's plan: show your support for legislation that
would make the Roadless Conservation Rule of 2001 a law.
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139803&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
----------------------------------------------------------------
SEND AN E-CARD
We have two new cards of Borneo pygmy elephants available! Send
one to your friends and invite them to help us name one of our
elephants!
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139804&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
----------------------------------------------------------------
OTHER WWF NEWSLETTERS
Panda Tracks: Taken a spectacular vacation lately? Sign up for
WWF's Travel Program e-newsletter for some great travel ideas
and start planning your next amazing trip to exciting
destinations around the world. Sign up today!
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139805&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
----------------------------------------------------------------
DONATE NOW!
The Magnificent Tiger
Tigers are one of the most fearsome predators in the world - but
they are also one of the most endangered. Help protect these
beloved big cats.
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139806&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
Help WWF Protect Tigers in the Wild Today!
----------------------------------------------------------------
* Friends of WWF *
Saving Big Cats with Just Pennies
Coinstar, Inc., with a network of close to 12,000 coin-counting
machines located in supermarkets nationwide, is supporting WWF's
Pennies for the Planet program. From Aug. 1 - Sept. 30, 2005, by
donating $15 or more to WWF through a Coinstar� Machine, you can
receive Sundar�, a limited edition Beanie Baby�, by following
instructions on the Coinstar receipt.
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139807&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Meet Giraffe - New from Build-A-Bear Workshop�
On August 12, Build-A-Bear Workshop stores across the country,
including its web store, will introduce Giraffe, the sixth
limited edition stuffed toy animal in a series that benefits
WWF. Build-A-Bear Workshop donates $1 to WWF for every Giraffe
sold, and on August 13 and 14 they will generously double that
donation.
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/ct/ct.php?t=139808&c=156835396&m=m&type=3
________________________________________________________________
Thank you for being a part of the WWF online community. The
email address we have in our records for you is: sondheim@panix.com
Please visit your preference page to subscribe to other
interesting WWF e-Newsletters, change your email address, or to
opt-out from any further online communications from WWF.
http://newsletter.worldwildlife.org/clients/worldwildlifefund/clupdate.htm?eemail=sondheim@panix.com
World Wildlife Fund
1250 24th Street, NW Washington, DC 2003
---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Wed, 20 Jul 2005 06:59:00 -0700
From: Suzanne Axtell <suzanne@oreilly.com>
To: sondheim@panix.com
Subject: O'Reilly Where 2.0 Conference Wrap-Up
For Immediate Release
For more information, contact:
Suzanne Axtell (707) 827-7114 or suzanne@oreilly.com
New Directions for Technology--and Business--Charted at
Where 2.0, a New O'Reilly Conference
Sebastopol, CA--Google Maps, Virtual Earth, MyWeb 2.0--the world is being
introduced to (and enthusiastically embracing) a steady stream of new
services based on location technologies. Where 2.0, a new O'Reilly
conference that took place June 29-30 in San Francisco, honed in on the
new tech sector coalescing around these location-related technologies that
promise to transform and personalize the way we all engage the Web and the
world around us.
Conference co-chair Nathan Torkington of O'Reilly Media, Inc. and co-chair
David Sonnen of iSpatial built a conference program that allowed
participants to quickly grasp both the current state of affairs and the
far-reaching effects and implications around location-based technologies
and services. "The conference, and the industry, remix decades-old GIS
knowledge with 21st century Web 2.0 program designs," noted Torkington.
"Neither hackers nor business people nor search industries alone define
this new space."
Location-enhanced products and services are generating excitement among
developers, technologists, researchers, entrepreneurs, and bean counters
alike. "Mash-up" was a phrase heard frequently throughout the conference,
referring to the revving up of one-dimensional information--such as
apartment listings, traffic patterns, and crime stats--by overlaying it
with mapping information. Location technologies are already having an
impact on a wide variety of industries, and their effect on privacy,
gaming, advertising, social applications, and search were also discussed.
Two other (distinctly non-technical) mash-ups in evidence at the
conference were between generations and communities: "tribal elders" from
cartography, engineering, and geography came together with the emerging
generation of hackers, web developers, and search gurus in sessions, on
panel discussions, and over lunch.
The conference attracted over 500 attendees who heard presentations from
notable speakers such as:
-GIS pioneer Jack Dangermond of ESRI
-Microsoft MapPoint general manager Stephen Lawler
-Cartographer David Rumsey
-John Hanke of Google Earth
-Mary Foltz, director of Location Solutions Product Line Management for
Nextel
-Chris Couper, IBM distinguished engineer
-Stephen Randall, co-founder of Symbian and CEO of LocaModa
-Paul Rademacher, creator of the Google Maps-craigslist mash-up
-Greg Sadetsky, who mashed-up Google Maps-Yahoo! Traffic
-Elizabeth Goodman of Intel
-Panelists from Google, Microsoft, and Yahoo! who faced off over local
search, moderated by John Battelle
-NavTeq's Bob Denaro
-Ronald J. Ondrejka who recounted his adventures designing and deploying
the first spy satellites
-MIT's Nathan Eagle
-Udi Manber from A9
Several announcements were made at Where 2.0, including:
-Google publicly released Google Earth, which uses high-resolution
satellite and aerial images to let users travel to any address on the
globe
-Microsoft and ORBIMAGE, a satellite imagine company, announced plans to
deliver expanded international satellite coverage for MSN Virtual Earth
-Yahoo released a set of programming tools allowing outside programmers
to build their own web mapping applications that tap into the data in
Yahoo! Maps
-Zoto, an online photo site, announced it will sponsor and host Geo
Project USA, the first initiative to index and photograph each of the more
than 4,554,000 "minute confluence points" in the United States
Where 2.0 also featured the Where Fair, a science fair-style event that
gave participants a first-hand look at a few of the intriguing
location-aware technologies before they go mainstream. The Where Fair
complemented the exhibit hall, which showcased innovative new location
related products from sponsors Microsoft, Google, Telcontar, ESRI,
GeoTango, GlobeXplorer, and Yahoo! Local.
Where 2.0 provided a long overdue gathering place for the growing
community of innovators in the location space. Next year's event promises
to bring together even more of the players and projects that have the
potential to fundamentally transform how location information is viewed,
interpreted, and delivered.
The O'Reilly conference line-up also includes: ETech, the O'Reilly
Emerging Technology Conference; the O'Reilly Open Source Convention; Web
2.0, co-hosted by Tim O'Reilly and John Battelle, and co-produced with
MediaLive International; the O'Reilly European Open Source Convention; and
the MySQL Users Conference, co-presented with MySQL AB. O'Reilly
conferences bring together forward-thinking business and technology
leaders, shaping ideas and influencing industries around the globe. For
over 25 years, O'Reilly has facilitated the adoption of new and important
technologies by the enterprise, putting emerging technologies on the map.
Additional Resources:
For complete Where 2.0 Conference details, visit:
http://conferences.oreilly.com/where
Where 2.0 news coverage and photos can be found at:
http://www.oreillynet.com/where2005/
Many Where 2.0 session presentation files are available at:
http://conferences.oreillynet.com/pub/w/39/presentations.html
Related Reading:
For an in-depth perspective about the current state and future potential
of location technologies from Tim O'Reilly and Nathan Torkington, read a
transcript from a recent press conference at:
http://conferences.oreillynet.com/pub/w/39/transcript.html
Location- and geo-related blogs by Nathan Torkington:
http://radar.oreilly.com/nat/
"Historical Maps Online"
http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/network/2005/06/02/davidrumsey.html
"Hacking Election Maps with XML and MapServer"
http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2005/05/31/electionmaps.html
"The Geospatial Web: A Call to Action"
http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/network/2005/05/10/geospatialweb.html
"Google Maps and BBC Backstage"
http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2005/05/google_maps_and.html
Sponsorship Information:
For information on exhibition and sponsorship opportunities at O'Reilly
conferences, contact Andrew Calvo at (707) 827-7176, or
andrewc@oreilly.com
To become a media sponsor at O'Reilly conferences, contact Margi Levin at
(707) 827-7184, or margi@oreilly.com
About O'Reilly
O'Reilly Media, Inc. is the premier information source for leading-edge
computer technologies. The company's books, conferences, and web sites
bring to light the knowledge of technology innovators. O'Reilly books,
known for the animals on their covers, occupy a treasured place on the
shelves of the developers building the next generation of software.
O'Reilly conferences and summits bring alpha geeks and forward-thinking
business leaders together to shape the revolutionary ideas that spark new
industries. From the Internet to XML, open source, .NET, Java, and web
services, O'Reilly puts technologies on the map. For more information:
http://www.oreilly.com
# # #
O'Reilly is a registered trademark of O'Reilly Media, Inc. All other
trademarks are property of their respective owners.
INTERNATIONAL CODE OF SIGNALS and Level Intermingling
INTERNATIONAL CODE OF SIGNALS (AMERICAN EDITION) VOL 2. - VISUAL 1931,
UNITED STATES NAVY DEPARTMENT HYDROGRAPHIC OFFICE
I've been poring over this book, which presents signals by sound, flag,
semaphore, morse, and flashing light. Each medium has similar problems:
1 How to accommodate other languages than English (which is the
default); 2 How to distinguish code from meta-code.
In terms of the latter, for example, the International Flags and
Pennants, are the following:
Afirm, Baker, Cast, Dog, Easy, Fox, George, Hypo, Int, Jig, King, Love,
Mike, Negat, Option, Prep, Queen, Roger, Sail, Tare, Unit, Victor,
Gillian, Xray, Yoke, and Zed; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0. But there
are also Repeaters: 1st Repeat, 2nd Repeat, and 3rd Repeat; and a CODE
or answering pennant (red and white vertical stripes).
So that for example:
Art. 69. When several flag hoists are displayed simultaneously they are
to be read in the following order: (a) Masthead, (b) Triatic stay, (c)
Starboard yardarm, (d) Port yardarm.
Art. 70. When more groups than one are shown on the same halyard, they
must be separated by the tackline and be read in the numerical order of
their superiority.
Physical support, meta-symbol, symbol, and image/imaginary intertwine.
Art. 78. Similarly, if she [the ship] can distinguish the signal but
can not _understand the purport_ of it, she should hoist the
appropriate signal VB, signifying, "Signal is not understood though
flags are distinguished."
The Use of Substitutes (Repeaters)
Art. 79. The use of substitutes is to enable the same signal flag to be
repeated one or more times in the same group while still only carrying
one set of flags. For instance, it is obvious that without substitutes
such a group as AAA or 1000 could only be made if three sets of signal
flags were carried. By the use, however, of three additional signal
flags, called substitutes (named first, second, and third substitutes
respectively), any 2, 3, or 4 letter group can be hoisted by means of
a single set of flags.
How to Spell
Art. 86. Names in the text of a message which is being signaled by
flags are to be spelled out by means of the alphabetical signals which
consist of--
Answering pennant over E (Alphabetical signal No. 1.) Indicates that
until alphabetical signal No. 3 is made, the letters following do not
represent signals from the code, but represent the letters of the
alphabet spelling a word.
Answering pennant over F (Alphabetical signal No. 2.) Indicates the end
of a word being spelled or the dot between initials.
Answering pennant over G (Alphabetical signal No. 3.) Indicates that
the spelling of words is completed, and that the signals which follow
are to be looked up in the code in the usual manner.
In Morse Signaling, beyond the Alphabet, Numerals, and Punctuation,
there are Procedure Signals and Signs:
Call for unknown ship and general call - AA AA .- .- .- .-
Answering sign - TTTTTTTTTTT... ---------...
Space sign - II .. ..
Break Sign - BT -...-
Erase sign - EEEEEEEEE... ..........
Repeat Sign - UD ..--..
...
Repeat word or group before WB .-- -...
Ending sign - AR .-.-.
> From - De -.. .
You are correct - C -.-.
Repeat back - G --.
Message received - R .-.
Word (plain language) received T -
I am unable to read your message owing to light not being properly
trained or light burning badly - W .--
International Code groups follow - PRB .--. .-. -...
Semaphore Alphabet signaling consists of the following:
A, B, C (answering sign), D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R,
S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z, ATTENTION, BREAK
The _Signal Code_ itself is complex - 1, 2, and 3 letter combinations
for content, 4 letter combinations for location (i.e. AODR = Cape
Sacratif) and name (i.e. ship name).
The _content_ is based on an alphabetical listing of English phrases
equated with the letter combinations, both in _independent alphabetical
order._
Single letter signals are used for primary communication and begin:
A - I am undergoing a speed trial.
B - I am taking in or discharging explosive.
C - Yes (affirmative).
D - Keep clear of me - I am maneuvering with difficulty.
and so forth.
Double letter signals are based on major _alphabetical thematic
content_ - for example the first several themes are:
ABANDON
ACCIDENT
AFLOAT AND AGROUND
AIRCRAFT
and the last several themes are:
WEIGHING
WHISTLE OR SIREN
WIND
So for example:
WHISTLE OR SIREN
ZK - I shall signal with whistle or siren during fog.
ZL - You should sound whistle or siren at intervals.
WIND
ZM - Direction and force of wind is.
ZN - What is the wind direction and force?
ZO - I am dazzled by your searchlight,s; douse or lift it, them.
The three letter codes begin with numerous lists:
Points of the compass:
NNE - JUQ
NE by N - JUO
NE - JUM
Points:
ABH - 2 points on the starboard bow.
ABI - 3 points on the starboard bow.
Degrees:
ACA - 60 degrees to starboard
ACB - 70 degrees to starboard
Standard Times:
ACS - + 9 Japanese central.
ACT - + 8 Chinese (Japanese western).
ACU - + 7 Straits Settlements
and so forth. Grammatical meta-symbols:
ADW (An order); AEW Do not; ADX I (do); AEY (He, she, or it, does not);
AFW do I?; AGG Did I? etc. - all followed by the proper verb.
Punctuation:
AGQ - Period (FULL STOP).
AGR - QUESTION mark?
AGS - The following is in PLAIN LANGUAGE.
AGT - The following is a REQUEST.
AGU - The following is ADVICE or a SUGGESTION.
and so forth.
The GENERAL VOCABULARY proper is doubly alphabetized. For example:
...
LTV - QUESTION, s (Interrogate, ion).
Questioning - Am, Is, Are.
LTW - Questioned - Has, have, ing.
LTX - QUICK, ly, ness.
LTY - As quickly as possible.
LTZ - Too quick, ly, for, to.
LUA - QUICKEST, The.
LUB - QUICKSAND,s.
LUC - QUIET, ly, ness.
LUD - QUININE.
LUE - QUINSY.
LUF - QUITE
LUG - R., RACE
Race,s (Tide race) - RLJ
LUH - Race,s (Propellers, Engines, etc.).
Racing - Is, Are.
LUE - Raced - Has, Have, ing.
LUJ - Radiator,s (Cooling).
LUK - RADICAL, ly.
LUL - RADIO,s.
Radioing - Am, Is, Are.
LUM - By radio.
Operator,s - KEO
Receiver,s - MAB
Transmitter,s - PHU
Radio apparatus - BCP
LUN - Radio direction finder,s.
LUO - Fitted with radio - Am, Is, Are.
LUP - Not fitted with radio - Am, Is, Are.
...
This double-indexing depends, with the triplets, on strict dictionary
ordering; and, with the referent, on SUBJECT / examples in dictionary
form. There is no implicit link between signifier and signified; for
example:
NSD - SOS. (Interestingly, the SOS triplet is omitted.)
After the triplets, the book presents a DECODE section, which contains
additional symbols useful for "decoding messages from ships or stations
not using the English edition." For example:
SPP Dressing, a (Surgical).
SPQ The least.
SPR Last month.
SPS Half way.
These would be used by an English speaker working with incoming partly
in another language.
So far we are only dealing with a. English language and b. standardized
punctuation. It should be noted in terms of the latter, for example:
Art. 147. There is no equivalent of the apostrophe "s" (possessive) in
most foreign languages, and it has, therefore, been omitted from the
code. The possessive sense must be expressed by means of the possessive
"Of (Belonging to)." ...
and in terms of the former:
Art. 139. It is obvious that when making up the Italian edition of the
code, each of these Italian words, which, it will be appreciated, have
other meanings not expressed by the English word "report," must be
allotted a different code group. The following procedure has therefore
been adopted. If a word, say, in English, requires more than one word
to express its meaning in, say, Italian, and these Italian words are
quite distinct from one another, the code group which has been
allotted to the English word is inserted only in the Italian _decode,_
with the necessary Italian equivalents against it. These Italian
words, when and if inserted in the Italian code, are assigned
different code groups, which are then printed in the English decode
but not in the English code. ...
Example 9. - Specimen decoded message.
STN - Picked up (Has, Have, ing) , Collected - Has, Have, ing.
EDR - Crew, s.
3 - 3.
CEC - Boat, s.
RCZ - Belonging to. , Of.
IBNS - S. S. Leme
RHL - Sunk - Has, Have, ing.
13 - 13th.
VFB - Instant. Current. Existing.
AGQ - Full stop.
RKD - Mine. My.
LDK - Next port of call.
AACF - Aden.
AGQ - Full stop.
AEM - I will < >
OTB - Telegraph, s. , Telegraphing - Am, Is, Are.
TVJ - Name, s.
KVP - Person, s.
MWJ - Saved - Has, Have, ing.
Have picked up crews three boats belonging to S. S. Leme, sunk 13th
instant. My next port of call Aden. I will telegraph names persons
saved.
In all of the above, codes/metacodes/referent-trees all intermingle.
Distinctions among the categories blur in favor of other exigencies. In
some cases, i.e. signal flags, it's possible to add an additional
pennant for clarification (i.e. CODE). In other cases, i.e. morse code,
distinctions are more problematic, since they are made within the
primary code lexicon of dot/dash/space.
The ordering of the general vocabulary leaves no room for additional
terms; i.e. between MXA and MXB there is nothing; to this extent the
code remains highly discrete. (MXAA already implies either place or
ship name.) The code encapsulates the major situations that might occur
among mariners at sea (or air); everything else is spelled out. With
the thousands of entries in the International Code of Signals, decoding
occurs by means of lookup; it would be impossible to memorize all of
them. There are parallels between this system and Chinese characters;
in this sense, the International Code contains only 26 radicals,
arranged in one to four groupings.
The "messiness" of the system has implications for anyone hoping for a
clean and clear reading of "discrete" or "symbol" in relation to
code-work - as in many other systems, heuristics takes over. While the
system remains discrete on one hand (i.e. a limited number of signal
elements), the referent "splatters" - it's difficult to contain, and
the strategies of containment extend the usage of signal elements to
meta-levels and beyond.
_